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ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:Arab-Byzantine Wars during Muawiya's governorship and caliphate.png

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Summary

DescriptionArab-Byzantine Wars during Muawiya's governorship and caliphate.png
English: A map showing the raids, battles and naval engagements between the Arab Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire during Mu'awiya I's governorship of Syria (640-661) and caliphate (661-680).

Sources for the locations and approximate years of engagements, involved cities and Arab ports:

  • Bosworth, C. Edmund (July 1996). "Arab Attacks on Rhodes in the Pre-Ottoman Period". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 6 (2): 157–164
  • Jandora, J. W. (1986). "Developments in Islamic Warfare: The Early Conquests". Studia Islamica (64): 101–113.
  • Jankowiak, Marek (2013). "The First Arab Siege of Constantinople" in Travaux et mémoires, Vol. 17: Constructing the Seventh Century ed. Zuckerman, Constantin. Paris: Association des Amis du Centre d’Histoire et Civilisation de Byzance, pp. 264-269, pp. 318-319.
  • Kaegi, Walter E. (1992). Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lynch, Ryan J. (July–September 2016). "Cyprus and Its Legal and Historiographical Significance in Early Islamic History". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 136 (3): 535–550.
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Author Al Ameer son

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current23:13, 8 August 2019
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২,৮২৪ × ১,৩৯৮ (৪.২৫ MB)smartcommons>Al Ameer sonMinor fix

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